Abstract: The future water resources prediction is a fundamental work for water resources planning and sustainable utilization. Based on the RCPs climate change scenarios of 7 GCMs projections, the variation trend of temperature and precipitation in the coming decades over the Yellow River basin were investigated, and the future water resources of the Yellow River basin were simulated by using RCCC-WBM model and downscaled climate change projections. The results show that: (1) Temperature will probably continue to rise significantly with a linear rising rate of 0.24~0.35 ℃/(10 a); (2) The future precipitation will likely increase slightly, with a higher uncertainty; (3) As a result of climate change, water resources over the Yellow River basin will probably decrease in the coming decades, which will aggravate the conflict of water supply and demands to some extent. The research on the uncertainty and the induced-risk in future water resources prediction is a major issue which needs to be enhanced in the further study.